6 комментариев на «“Практическое программирование Arduino/CraftDuino — Генерация звука – пьезоизлучатель”»

1. А есть какие нибудь готовые мелодии, может кто подскажет? Я в музыке не смыслю ничего, а хотелось чего нить прикольного озвучить.

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   • для функции tone() есть целый набор мелодий:

     // A fun sketch to demonstrate the use of the Tone library.
     // By Brett Hagman
     // bhagman@roguerobotics.com
     // www.roguerobotics.com
     
     // To mix the output of the signals to output to a small speaker (i.e. 8 Ohms or higher),
     // simply use 1K Ohm resistors from each output pin and tie them together at the speaker.
     // Don't forget to connect the other side of the speaker to ground!
     
     // You can get more RTTTL (RingTone Text Transfer Language) songs from
     // http://code.google.com/p/rogue-code/wiki/ToneLibraryDocumentation
     
     #define OCTAVE_OFFSET 0
     #define TONE_PIN 13
     
     #define NOTE_C4  262
     #define NOTE_CS4 277
     #define NOTE_D4  294
     #define NOTE_DS4 311
     #define NOTE_E4  330
     #define NOTE_F4  349
     #define NOTE_FS4 370
     #define NOTE_G4  392
     #define NOTE_GS4 415
     #define NOTE_A4  440
     #define NOTE_AS4 466
     #define NOTE_B4  494
     #define NOTE_C5  523
     #define NOTE_CS5 554
     #define NOTE_D5  587
     #define NOTE_DS5 622
     #define NOTE_E5  659
     #define NOTE_F5  698
     #define NOTE_FS5 740
     #define NOTE_G5  784
     #define NOTE_GS5 831
     #define NOTE_A5  880
     #define NOTE_AS5 932
     #define NOTE_B5  988
     #define NOTE_C6  1047
     #define NOTE_CS6 1109
     #define NOTE_D6  1175
     #define NOTE_DS6 1245
     #define NOTE_E6  1319
     #define NOTE_F6  1397
     #define NOTE_FS6 1480
     #define NOTE_G6  1568
     #define NOTE_GS6 1661
     #define NOTE_A6  1760
     #define NOTE_AS6 1865
     #define NOTE_B6  1976
     #define NOTE_C7  2093
     #define NOTE_CS7 2217
     #define NOTE_D7  2349
     #define NOTE_DS7 2489
     #define NOTE_E7  2637
     #define NOTE_F7  2794
     #define NOTE_FS7 2960
     #define NOTE_G7  3136
     #define NOTE_GS7 3322
     #define NOTE_A7  3520
     #define NOTE_AS7 3729
     #define NOTE_B7  3951
     
     int notes[] = { 0,
     NOTE_C4, NOTE_CS4, NOTE_D4, NOTE_DS4, NOTE_E4, NOTE_F4, NOTE_FS4, NOTE_G4, NOTE_GS4, NOTE_A4, NOTE_AS4, NOTE_B4,
     NOTE_C5, NOTE_CS5, NOTE_D5, NOTE_DS5, NOTE_E5, NOTE_F5, NOTE_FS5, NOTE_G5, NOTE_GS5, NOTE_A5, NOTE_AS5, NOTE_B5,
     NOTE_C6, NOTE_CS6, NOTE_D6, NOTE_DS6, NOTE_E6, NOTE_F6, NOTE_FS6, NOTE_G6, NOTE_GS6, NOTE_A6, NOTE_AS6, NOTE_B6,
     NOTE_C7, NOTE_CS7, NOTE_D7, NOTE_DS7, NOTE_E7, NOTE_F7, NOTE_FS7, NOTE_G7, NOTE_GS7, NOTE_A7, NOTE_AS7, NOTE_B7
     };
     
     //char *song = "The Simpsons:d=4,o=5,b=160:c.6,e6,f#6,8a6,g.6,e6,c6,8a,8f#,8f#,8f#,2g,8p,8p,8f#,8f#,8f#,8g,a#.,8c6,8c6,8c6,c6";
     //char *song = "Indiana:d=4,o=5,b=250:e,8p,8f,8g,8p,1c6,8p.,d,8p,8e,1f,p.,g,8p,8a,8b,8p,1f6,p,a,8p,8b,2c6,2d6,2e6,e,8p,8f,8g,8p,1c6,p,d6,8p,8e6,1f.6,g,8p,8g,e.6,8p,d6,8p,8g,e.6,8p,d6,8p,8g,f.6,8p,e6,8p,8d6,2c6";
     //char *song = "Entertainer:d=4,o=5,b=140:8d,8d#,8e,c6,8e,c6,8e,2c.6,8c6,8d6,8d#6,8e6,8c6,8d6,e6,8b,d6,2c6,p,8d,8d#,8e,c6,8e,c6,8e,2c.6,8p,8a,8g,8f#,8a,8c6,e6,8d6,8c6,8a,2d6";
     //char *song = "Looney:d=4,o=5,b=140:32p,c6,8f6,8e6,8d6,8c6,a.,8c6,8f6,8e6,8d6,8d#6,e.6,8e6,8e6,8c6,8d6,8c6,8e6,8c6,8d6,8a,8c6,8g,8a#,8a,8f";
     //char *song = "Bond:d=4,o=5,b=80:32p,16c#6,32d#6,32d#6,16d#6,8d#6,16c#6,16c#6,16c#6,16c#6,32e6,32e6,16e6,8e6,16d#6,16d#6,16d#6,16c#6,32d#6,32d#6,16d#6,8d#6,16c#6,16c#6,16c#6,16c#6,32e6,32e6,16e6,8e6,16d#6,16d6,16c#6,16c#7,c.7,16g#6,16f#6,g#.6";
     //char *song = "MASH:d=8,o=5,b=140:4a,4g,f#,g,p,f#,p,g,p,f#,p,2e.,p,f#,e,4f#,e,f#,p,e,p,4d.,p,f#,4e,d,e,p,d,p,e,p,d,p,2c#.,p,d,c#,4d,c#,d,p,e,p,4f#,p,a,p,4b,a,b,p,a,p,b,p,2a.,4p,a,b,a,4b,a,b,p,2a.,a,4f#,a,b,p,d6,p,4e.6,d6,b,p,a,p,2b";
     //char *song = "StarWars:d=4,o=5,b=45:32p,32f#,32f#,32f#,8b.,8f#.6,32e6,32d#6,32c#6,8b.6,16f#.6,32e6,32d#6,32c#6,8b.6,16f#.6,32e6,32d#6,32e6,8c#.6,32f#,32f#,32f#,8b.,8f#.6,32e6,32d#6,32c#6,8b.6,16f#.6,32e6,32d#6,32c#6,8b.6,16f#.6,32e6,32d#6,32e6,8c#6";
     //char *song = "GoodBad:d=4,o=5,b=56:32p,32a#,32d#6,32a#,32d#6,8a#.,16f#.,16g#.,d#,32a#,32d#6,32a#,32d#6,8a#.,16f#.,16g#.,c#6,32a#,32d#6,32a#,32d#6,8a#.,16f#.,32f.,32d#.,c#,32a#,32d#6,32a#,32d#6,8a#.,16g#.,d#";
     //char *song = "TopGun:d=4,o=4,b=31:32p,16c#,16g#,16g#,32f#,32f,32f#,32f,16d#,16d#,32c#,32d#,16f,32d#,32f,16f#,32f,32c#,16f,d#,16c#,16g#,16g#,32f#,32f,32f#,32f,16d#,16d#,32c#,32d#,16f,32d#,32f,16f#,32f,32c#,g#";
     //char *song = "A-Team:d=8,o=5,b=125:4d#6,a#,2d#6,16p,g#,4a#,4d#.,p,16g,16a#,d#6,a#,f6,2d#6,16p,c#.6,16c6,16a#,g#.,2a#";
     //char *song = "Flinstones:d=4,o=5,b=40:32p,16f6,16a#,16a#6,32g6,16f6,16a#.,16f6,32d#6,32d6,32d6,32d#6,32f6,16a#,16c6,d6,16f6,16a#.,16a#6,32g6,16f6,16a#.,32f6,32f6,32d#6,32d6,32d6,32d#6,32f6,16a#,16c6,a#,16a6,16d.6,16a#6,32a6,32a6,32g6,32f#6,32a6,8g6,16g6,16c.6,32a6,32a6,32g6,32g6,32f6,32e6,32g6,8f6,16f6,16a#.,16a#6,32g6,16f6,16a#.,16f6,32d#6,32d6,32d6,32d#6,32f6,16a#,16c.6,32d6,32d#6,32f6,16a#,16c.6,32d6,32d#6,32f6,16a#6,16c7,8a#.6";
     //char *song = "Jeopardy:d=4,o=6,b=125:c,f,c,f5,c,f,2c,c,f,c,f,a.,8g,8f,8e,8d,8c#,c,f,c,f5,c,f,2c,f.,8d,c,a#5,a5,g5,f5,p,d#,g#,d#,g#5,d#,g#,2d#,d#,g#,d#,g#,c.7,8a#,8g#,8g,8f,8e,d#,g#,d#,g#5,d#,g#,2d#,g#.,8f,d#,c#,c,p,a#5,p,g#.5,d#,g#";
     //char *song = "MahnaMahna:d=16,o=6,b=125:c#,c.,b5,8a#.5,8f.,4g#,a#,g.,4d#,8p,c#,c.,b5,8a#.5,8f.,g#.,8a#.,4g,8p,c#,c.,b5,8a#.5,8f.,4g#,f,g.,8d#.,f,g.,8d#.,f,8g,8d#.,f,8g,d#,8c,a#5,8d#.,8d#.,4d#,8d#.";
     //char *song = "MissionImp:d=16,o=6,b=95:32d,32d#,32d,32d#,32d,32d#,32d,32d#,32d,32d,32d#,32e,32f,32f#,32g,g,8p,g,8p,a#,p,c7,p,g,8p,g,8p,f,p,f#,p,g,8p,g,8p,a#,p,c7,p,g,8p,g,8p,f,p,f#,p,a#,g,2d,32p,a#,g,2c#,32p,a#,g,2c,a#5,8c,2p,32p,a#5,g5,2f#,32p,a#5,g5,2f,32p,a#5,g5,2e,d#,8d";
     char *song = "KnightRider:d=4,o=5,b=125:16e,16p,16f,16e,16e,16p,16e,16e,16f,16e,16e,16e,16d#,16e,16e,16e,16e,16p,16f,16e,16e,16p,16f,16e,16f,16e,16e,16e,16d#,16e,16e,16e,16d,16p,16e,16d,16d,16p,16e,16d,16e,16d,16d,16d,16c,16d,16d,16d,16d,16p,16e,16d,16d,16p,16e,16d,16e,16d,16d,16d,16c,16d,16d,16d";
     
     void setup(void)
     {
       Serial.begin(9600);
     }
     
     #define isdigit(n) (n >= '0' && n <= '9')
     
     void play_rtttl(char *p)
     {
       // Absolutely no error checking in here
     
       byte default_dur = 4;
       byte default_oct = 6;
       int bpm = 63;
       int num;
       long wholenote;
       long duration;
       byte note;
       byte scale;
     
       // format: d=N,o=N,b=NNN:
       // find the start (skip name, etc)
     
       while(*p != ':') p++;    // ignore name
       p++;                     // skip ':'
     
       // get default duration
       if(*p == 'd')
       {
         p++; p++;              // skip "d="
         num = 0;
         while(isdigit(*p))
         {
           num = (num * 10) + (*p++ - '0');
         }
         if(num > 0) default_dur = num;
         p++;                   // skip comma
       }
     
       Serial.print("ddur: "); Serial.println(default_dur, 10);
     
       // get default octave
       if(*p == 'o')
       {
         p++; p++;              // skip "o="
         num = *p++ - '0';
         if(num >= 3 && num <=7) default_oct = num;
         p++;                   // skip comma
       }
     
       Serial.print("doct: "); Serial.println(default_oct, 10);
     
       // get BPM
       if(*p == 'b')
       {
         p++; p++;              // skip "b="
         num = 0;
         while(isdigit(*p))
         {
           num = (num * 10) + (*p++ - '0');
         }
         bpm = num;
         p++;                   // skip colon
       }
     
       Serial.print("bpm: "); Serial.println(bpm, 10);
     
       // BPM usually expresses the number of quarter notes per minute
       wholenote = (60 * 1000L / bpm) * 4;  // this is the time for whole note (in milliseconds)
     
       Serial.print("wn: "); Serial.println(wholenote, 10);
     
     
       // now begin note loop
       while(*p)
       {
         // first, get note duration, if available
         num = 0;
         while(isdigit(*p))
         {
           num = (num * 10) + (*p++ - '0');
         }
         
         if(num) duration = wholenote / num;
         else duration = wholenote / default_dur;  // we will need to check if we are a dotted note after
     
         // now get the note
         note = 0;
     
         switch(*p)
         {
           case 'c':
             note = 1;
             break;
           case 'd':
             note = 3;
             break;
           case 'e':
             note = 5;
             break;
           case 'f':
             note = 6;
             break;
           case 'g':
             note = 8;
             break;
           case 'a':
             note = 10;
             break;
           case 'b':
             note = 12;
             break;
           case 'p':
           default:
             note = 0;
         }
         p++;
     
         // now, get optional '#' sharp
         if(*p == '#')
         {
           note++;
           p++;
         }
     
         // now, get optional '.' dotted note
         if(*p == '.')
         {
           duration += duration/2;
           p++;
         }
       
         // now, get scale
         if(isdigit(*p))
         {
           scale = *p - '0';
           p++;
         }
         else
         {
           scale = default_oct;
         }
     
         scale += OCTAVE_OFFSET;
     
         if(*p == ',')
           p++;       // skip comma for next note (or we may be at the end)
     
         // now play the note
     
         if(note)
         {
           Serial.print("Playing: ");
           Serial.print(scale, 10); Serial.print(' ');
           Serial.print(note, 10); Serial.print(" (");
           Serial.print(notes[(scale - 4) * 12 + note], 10);
           Serial.print(") ");
           Serial.println(duration, 10);
           tone(TONE_PIN, notes[(scale - 4) * 12 + note]);
           delay(duration);
           noTone(TONE_PIN);
         }
         else
         {
           Serial.print("Pausing: ");
           Serial.println(duration, 10);
           delay(duration);
         }
       }
     }
     
     void loop(void)
     {
       play_rtttl(song);
       Serial.println("Done.");
       while(1);
     }

2. Спасибо, а то уже хотел умс8 к будильнику прикручевать.

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3. А почему нельзя использовать стандартную арудиновскую функцию tone?

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4. А как можно добиться от пьезо излучателя «мягкого» звука, наподобие того, что в открытках используется?

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5. Как у вас тут все просто, а вот эти вот штуки delay откуда брать? без них как-то ошибки идут

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